superconducting materials

SUPERCONDUCIVITY- DISAPPERANCE OF RESISTIVITY
In the case of conductors resistance arises due to the thermal vibrations present in the material, these vibrations increases with the raise of temperature.as the temperature of the material decreases resistance also decreases linearly. But there are particular strange materials where the resistance of material abruptly goes down to zero as the temperature is decremented. Because as the temperature decreases thermal vibrations starts to decease and thereby resistance of a material drops down to null value. The temperature at which the resistance drops abruptly to zero is termed as critical temperature and material is stated to exist in a state known as superconducting state and the phenomenon is known as superconductivity. This notion was place forward by a scientist kamerlingh ones while carrying out experiment on mercury, he could observe the drastic modify of resistance at 4.two K proving the phenomena of superconductivity. The pheonomenon of superconductivity is observed only at low temperature, therefore it is also identified as low temperature physics. The house of superconductor can be finest understood as follows.
Look at a core of constructive ions present inside a material, let us assume an electron having larger energy is approaching towards the +ve ion core of the material, as it is in the vicinity of +ve ion they undergo distortion with the thermal vibrations present in them due to which the power of the electron will reduce. Take into account one more electron getting higher energy from the other finish is interacting with good ion core, after sometime the power of the second electron will try to reduce, thereby the thermal vibrations present in this ion core alone will be acting as a mediator to bound thes two electrons in pair, since a particular repulsive force will exist always involving two electrons if there is no mediator in between them, therefore this interaction is referred to as as electron-lattice-electron interaction. The bound energy of this electrons is very low of the order of .024 ev, on application of thermal power we can very easily break this pair of electrons and transform the material to conducting phase. These pair of electrons are known as as cooper…